What may determine off-farm income? A review

Farm Income Variability and the Supply of Off-Farm Labor

If farmers are risk averse, greater farm income variability should increase off-farm labor supply. This effect is confirmed for a sample of Kansas farmers. Off-farm employment of farmers and their spouses is also found to be significantly influenced by farm experience, off-farm work experience, farm size, leverage, efficiency, and farm-specific education. In addition, farm operators and spouses...

Off-Farm Income, Technology Adoption, and Farm Economic Performance

The economic well-being of most U.S. farm households depends on income from both onfarm and off-farm activities. Consequently, for many farm households, economic decisions (including technology adoption and other production decisions) are likely to be shaped by the allocation of managerial time among such activities. While time allocation decisions are usually not measured directly, we observe ...

Farm Income Variability and the Supply of Off-Farm Labor by Limited-Resource Farmers

What Factors Contribute to the Smallholder Farmers’ Farm Income Differential? Evidence from East Hararghe, Oromia, Ethiopia

Improvements in the farm household’s income and identifying the factors contribute to its improvement is very critical for enhancing food and poverty reduction strategy of Ethiopia. The aim of this paper is to investigate the factors contributing to rural farm households’ income differential in Haramaya district East Hararghe, Oromia, Ethiopia. The study used both primary and secondary data. Pr...

Buffer zone income dynamics for the sub-district producer community: Implications for rural off-farm income, income inequality and the development of household agriculture